## A hidden threat The danger of oncological diseases is that they may not show for a long time. Often a person learns about [cancer](https://ul.orna.me/KOge/librarydisease?id=39) when it has already spread too far. That is why it is so important to go through check-ups every year, even if nothing bothers you. It is important to remember that most cancers respond well to treatment if they are detected at an early stage. It is important to see your doctor immediately if you notice any of the following symptoms: - Dramatic weight loss without following any diets and in the absence of physical activity - Weakness, malaise, apathy, and irritability - Swollen lymph nodes - Dizziness and headaches - Change in skin tone - [Anemia](https://ul.orna.me/KOge/librarydisease?id=1) and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) with normal leukocyte counts - Pain in different parts of the body - Low-grade fever (periodic rises in temperature) Any of these symptoms should prompt you to visit your doctor and find the root cause to ensure it is not a serious issue, like cancer. Of course, all these signs are very general and may indicate a wide variety of processes in the body, but one way or another, they are a valid reason enough for examination. ## Can cancer be prevented? It is possible to reduce the risk of cancer by doing the following: __Prevention__ means regular medical examination, diagnosis, detection of precancerous conditions, and immediate treatment. These are examinations by doctors, and smears for oncocytology, mammography in women, a test for [prostate-specific antigen](https://ul.orna.me/KOge/librarybiomarker?id=23) (PSA) in men, and CT of the lungs in smokers. This is especially important if the family has a history of a certain kind of cancer. For example, if a woman's mother suffered from breast cancer, she needs to regularly visit her OB-GYN. __Nutrition__ also plays an important role. You should include in your diet a sufficient amount of vitamin C (citrus fruits, kiwi), carotene (carrots, tomatoes), whole grains, and garlic. Avoid daily consumption of smoked, fried, and spicy foods. Eat plenty of greens — especially spinach and lettuce, as they contain a lot of magnesium which prevents cells from dividing uncontrollably. Eat nuts, as they contain selenium, which blocks free radicals, inhibits the growth of blood vessels that feed tumors, and boosts immunity. Olive oil is also good — it has antioxidants and vitamins and copes well with free radicals and toxins. Dairy and fermented products can be consumed in moderation. Minimize your alcohol intake. Coffee and tea are fine, as caffeine has been shown to possibly lower the risk of several types of cancer. __Drink a lot of water__, which reduces the concentration of carcinogenic substances in the urine. Make sure the water you drink is filtered and as fresh as possible. __Stop smoking.__ __Monitor your weight and exercise.__ Cancer is very serious, so it is important to live a healthy lifestyle, look out for symptoms, and undergo regular medical check-ups.