## What causes it? [Acne](https://ul.orna.me/KOge/librarydisease?id=212) affects most teenagers. It is related to the onset of puberty and accompanying hormonal changes. During this period, the level of androgens in the blood, which stimulates the sebaceous glands, increases. When the hormone level rises, the cells increase the output of sebum, leading to the formation of comedones and pustules. In most teenagers, this process ends by 18–20 years of age. If not taken care of properly, acne can result in post-acne, resulting in enlarged pores, pigment spots, and scars. The problem can be exacerbated by several factors, including ===stress, endocrine problems, issues with the gastrointestinal tract, gynecological and ENT disorders, eating disorders, and taking corticosteroids. This is why those suffering from severe acne should see a dermatologist discuss the issue. The dermatologist will likely send the teenager to an endocrinologist, gastroenterologist, or gynecologist for further evaluation. Most likely, several medical tests will be required, including a biochemical blood test, test for thyroid hormones and sex hormones, and skin scraping to check the microbiome and check for the presence of parasites. However, there are steps teenagers can take at home that does not involve medical intervention. ## Change eating habits Although sweets are not the cause of acne, the excess of quick carbs in someone's diet can lead to sugar spikes and make inflammation worse. Fried foods, fast foods, and dipping sauces are particularly bad for the skin. Milk, ice cream, and milkshakes also can exacerbate the condition, and yogurt and kefir can be substituted for them. It is also recommended to skip spicy foods that impact the state of the blood vessels and sebum secretion. Vegetables, fruits, and foods rich in fiber should be prioritized. Additionally, eating smaller meals at regular intervals is recommended. ## Keep hydrated It is important to drink only clear, non-carbonated water. Soda and sugary drinks are bad for the gastrointestinal tract and the state of the skin. ## Use the right products It is recommended to wash the face with lukewarm water, using special gels and foams. Avoid any scrubs, rough washcloths, and soap that can damage the inflamed skin. After washing the face, apply an alcohol-free tonic and special cream designed for problematic skin. Make sure the product is labeled as non-comedogenic. Avoid products that include natural oils as well as heavy make-up products that can make the acne worse. ## Have proper therapy Today, there are many medical products for teenagers. These include products containing antibiotics, retinoids or azelaic acid, systemic medications, medical make-up, and instrumental physiotherapy. However, any of these should be used only if prescribed by a physician under his or her supervision. It is essential to follow the doctor's recommendations as to the frequency and quantity of use since too much of even the best products can make the skin condition worse. Keep in mind that you should not expect quick results. The skin of those under age 25 regenerates on average every 28 days, so you can expect to notice changes in approximately one month.