## Why Do We Need Iodine? Iodine is an essential trace element required for the proper functioning of the thyroid gland and the production of hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, mental development, and reproductive health. Iodine deficiency can lead to goiter, hypothyroidism, and other health issues. Iodine was added to salt in the 20th century because it was the simplest and most affordable way to prevent deficiency. Today, you can find not only iodized salt in stores but also dozens of iodine supplements. ## Why Salt? Salt is consumed because it’s the easiest and cheapest way to combat iodine deficiency. Salt is consumed by nearly everyone on a daily basis. Iodized salt helps maintain the necessary level of iodine in the body, prevents goiter and hypothyroidism, and reduces the risk of developmental issues in children. > Iodine evaporates quickly from salt if it is stored improperly — in an open container, under direct sunlight, or in a humid place. ## When Is Iodized Salt Essential? Iodized salt is important for most people around the world, including: - Children and teenagers; - Pregnant and breastfeeding women; - People living in regions with natural iodine deficiency (inland or mountainous areas far from the sea); - Vegetarians and those who do not consume seafood. ## Which Countries Have Enough Iodine? People in these regions ===get sufficient iodine from fish, seaweed, and other seafood, so they are generally not at risk of iodine deficiency: - Japan, - South Korea, - Iceland, - Coastal regions of Norway, - Mediterranean countries (e.g., Greece, Italy, Spain), - Some areas of Southeast Asia. ## Who Should Be Cautious With Iodized Salt? People with thyroid disorders — especially autoimmune thyroiditis or nodular goiter — should not increase their iodine intake on their own, as it may trigger a flare-up. It’s also important not to use iodized salt and take iodine supplements at the same time without medical supervision. > Even in coastal and island regions, using iodized salt makes sense only if iodine deficiency has been medically confirmed. ## Key Signs of Iodine Deficiency If you experience at least three of the following symptoms, you should consult an endocrinologist: - Unexplained weight gain; - Constant fatigue and difficulty concentrating; - Dry or thinning hair; - Skin problems; - Increased sensitivity to cold and reduced sweating; - Menstrual irregularities and decreased libido.